Paul Nicklen describes his most amazing experience as a National Geographic photographer - coming face-to-face with one of the Arctic's most vicious dangerous predators.

A central tenet of “climate change” dogma holds that increased emissions (2 billion tons a year in 1850 to 35 billion tons a year now) leads to greater CO2 levels in the atmosphere. But a new study from the University of Bristol could shake up traditional assumptions. The study suggests that CO2 levels have remained constant since 1850. New data show that the balance between the airborne and the absorbed fraction of carbon dioxide has stayed approximately constant since 1850, despite emissions of carbon dioxide having risen from about 2 billion tons a year in 1850 to 35 billion tons a year now.

It is one of the rarest giants of the ocean, and it has been caught on film for the first time. An underwater camera crew filming for the BBC recorded a smalleye stingray swimming off the coast of Mozambique. The smalleye stingray is the largest of all 70 species of stingray, attaining widths of more than 2m. The elusive creature, first discovered in 1908, has only ever been seen alive off the coast of Tofo in southern Mozambique.

Footage of the fish will be broadcast on BBC Two at 2000GMT on Wednesday 11 November, as part of the programme Andrea: Queen of the Mantas for the BBC documentary series Natural World.